MAY052025_01D8101Decided 2025-05-05I-129

The AAO dismissed an O-1A petition for a chief technology officer at an AI company after finding the Beneficiary failed…

Dismissed Useful for: avoid these mistakes
O-1AField: artificial intelligence technology / chief technology officer
The outcome

This appeal was not successful at this stage

The AAO dismissed the appeal because the Beneficiary failed to satisfy at least three of the eight required evidentiary criteria. The AAO also withdrew SCOPS' finding that the judging criterion was met, leaving the Beneficiary with zero qualifying criteria.

0 / 3 criteria needed Need 3 more

3 more criteria would trigger a full merits review.

In plain English

An AI technology company filed an O-1A petition to classify its co-founder and CTO as a worker of extraordinary ability. SCOPS denied the petition finding only one criterion (judging) met. On appeal, the AAO reviewed the awards, memberships, published materials, and judging criteria de novo and found none were satisfied. Notably, the AAO reversed SCOPS' finding on judging because the record only showed an invitation to judge a competition, not actual participation. Because the Beneficiary could not meet the minimum threshold of three criteria, the AAO dismissed the appeal without reaching a final merits determination or evaluating the remaining criteria.

What worked & what failed

What failed: 1. Seed funding from a startup accelerator was not shown to be a nationally or internationally recognized award for excellence — press coverage from a single website was insufficient. 2. Accelerator membership (Y Combinator-style) was not shown to require outstanding achievements judged by recognized national or international experts, and the supporting letter merely repeated statutory language. 3. A published article mentioning the Beneficiary only briefly among multiple founders did not qualify as published material 'about' the Beneficiary. 4. An email invitation to judge an event was not sufficient to prove actual participation as a judge.

Takeaway: For O-1A petitions involving startup founders, petitioners must go beyond showing prestige or selectivity of an accelerator — they must document that membership specifically requires outstanding achievements judged by recognized experts, and must provide concrete proof of actual participation in judging activities rather than just invitations. Venture capital funding alone will not satisfy the awards criterion without evidence of national or international recognition specifically for excellence.

For RFE responses & petition building

Cases like this are frequently used by attorneys when responding to RFEs or building initial petitions. The evidence patterns that worked (or failed) here directly reflect what USCIS officers look for when evaluating O-1A criteria.

Evidence that moved the needle

  • See summary above for details.

Evidence that wasn't enough alone

  • Seed funding from a startup accelerator was not shown to be a nationally or internationally recognized award for excellence — press coverage from a single website was insufficient
  • Accelerator membership (Y Combinator-style) was not shown to require outstanding achievements judged by recognized national or international experts, and the supporting letter merely repeated statutory language
  • A published article mentioning the Beneficiary only briefly among multiple founders did not qualify as published material 'about' the Beneficiary
  • An email invitation to judge an event was not sufficient to prove actual participation as a judge.
Find more O-1A cases with similar evidence patterns →
What the evidence showed

Criterion-by-criterion breakdown

Lesser nationally or internationally recognized prizes or awards

Not met

Seed funding of $500K from an accelerator not shown to be nationally or internationally recognized prize or award for excellence in the field.

Membership in associations requiring outstanding achievement

Not met

Accelerator membership not shown to require outstanding achievements judged by recognized national or international experts.

Published material about the person

Not met

Article only briefly mentions the Beneficiary as one of several founders; not substantially about the Beneficiary or his work.

Judging the work of others

Reversed in their favor

SCOPS found this criterion met, but AAO withdrew that finding because the record only showed an invitation to judge, not actual participation as a judge.

How the case moved

Completed

I-129 filed

Chief Technology Officer at an artificial intelligence technology company

Completed

SCOPS — Denied

Initial decision: Denied.

Completed

Appeal to the AAO

Petitioner appealed to the Administrative Appeals Office for de novo review.

2025-05-05

AAO decision — Dismissed

The AAO dismissed the appeal because the Beneficiary failed to satisfy at least three of the eight required evidentiary criteria. The AAO also withdrew SCOPS' finding that the judging criterion was met, leaving the Beneficiary with zero qualifying criteria.

If you're appealing a similar decision, I-290B must be filed within 30 days of personal service of the denial, or 33 days if mailed.

Authorities the office relied on
ChawatheThe petitioner bears the burden of proof to demonstrate eligibility by a preponderance of the evidence.
Christa'sThe AAO reviews questions de novo.
Fedin Bros.Repeating the language of a statute or regulation does not establish eligibility for a benefit.
Avyr AssociatesRepeating statutory or regulatory language does not establish eligibility.
BagamasbadAgencies are not required to make purely advisory findings on issues unnecessary to the ultimate decision.
O-R-E-Any ground of eligibility not raised on appeal is waived.
R-A-M-Grounds not raised on appeal are waived.