JAN142020_02B2203Decided 2020-01-14I-140

An immunologist's EB-1A extraordinary ability petition was dismissed after the AAO found he met only two of the…

Dismissed Useful for: avoid these mistakes
EB-1AField: immunology / microbiology and immunology
The outcome

This appeal was not successful at this stage

The AAO dismissed the appeal because the petitioner satisfied only two of the required three evidentiary criteria (judging and scholarly articles), failing to establish original contributions of major significance in the field.

2 / 3 criteria needed Need 1 more

1 more criterion would trigger a full merits review.

In plain English

The petitioner, an assistant research scientist in microbiology and immunology, sought EB-1A classification but was denied by the Nebraska Service Center for meeting only two of the required three evidentiary criteria. On appeal, the AAO agreed that the petitioner satisfied the judging and scholarly articles criteria but not the original contributions criterion. The AAO found that cumulative citation counts, citation percentile rankings, publication in high-impact journals, research funding, a phase one clinical trial, and six expert letters all failed to establish that his work had already achieved major significance in the field. Expert letters were rejected as too conclusory, and the clinical trial evidence spoke only to speculative future impact. Because the petitioner did not clear the three-criterion threshold, no final merits determination was conducted, and the appeal was dismissed.

What worked & what failed

What worked: The petitioner successfully demonstrated two criteria: (1) judging, through peer review of manuscripts for multiple journals, and (2) scholarly articles, through authorship of at least 26 published papers in professional journals.

What failed: The original contributions criterion failed on multiple fronts: citation numbers were not contextualized against articles the field recognizes as majorly significant; expert letters were vague and conclusory rather than explaining specific field-wide impact; clinical trial evidence described only potential future impact rather than established significance; and citation percentile rankings above field averages did not automatically equate to major significance.

Takeaway: For the original contributions criterion, petitioners must go beyond citation counts and publication records by providing concrete, specific evidence — such as comparisons to articles already recognized as field-defining, detailed expert testimony about downstream adoption of methods or findings, and documentation of widespread implementation — to show that work has already had a measurable, major impact rather than promising future potential.

For RFE responses & petition building

Cases like this are frequently used by attorneys when responding to RFEs or building initial petitions. The evidence patterns that worked (or failed) here directly reflect what USCIS officers look for when evaluating EB-1A criteria.

Evidence that moved the needle

  • The petitioner successfully demonstrated two criteria: (1) judging, through peer review of manuscripts for multiple journals, and (2) scholarly articles, through authorship of at least 26 published papers in professional journals.

Evidence that wasn't enough alone

  • The original contributions criterion failed on multiple fronts: citation numbers were not contextualized against articles the field recognizes as majorly significant
  • expert letters were vague and conclusory rather than explaining specific field-wide impact
  • clinical trial evidence described only potential future impact rather than established significance
  • and citation percentile rankings above field averages did not automatically equate to major significance.
Find more EB-1A cases with similar evidence patterns →
What the evidence showed

Criterion-by-criterion breakdown

Judging the work of others

Met

Petitioner reviewed papers for journals; AAO agreed with Director that this criterion was satisfied.

Original contributions of major significance

Not met

Petitioner failed to demonstrate that his contributions — including 467 cumulative citations, top-cited articles, and expert letters — rose to the level of major significance in the field. Citation numbers were not shown to be unusually high or commensurate with majorly significant contributions; letters were too conclusory; funded research and clinical trials were speculative as to future impact.

Authorship of scholarly articles

Met

Petitioner authored at least 26 scholarly articles in professional publications; AAO agreed with Director that this criterion was satisfied.

Evidence that persuaded the AAO

Peer review of manuscripts for journals (judging criterion)

Authorship of at least 26 scholarly articles in professional publications (scholarly articles criterion)

Where the evidence fell short

467 cumulative citations: did not identify which articles represented majorly significant contributions

Highest-cited individual articles (41, 39, 38 citations): not shown to be unusually high or commensurate with major significance

Clarivate Analytics and Microsoft Academic citation percentile data: ranking above average does not automatically establish major significance

Publication in high-ranking or high-impact-factor journals: does not demonstrate every article is a majorly significant contribution

NIH and National Institute of Aging funding: receiving funding alone is not a contribution of major significance

Phase one clinical trial press release and articles: described only speculative, potential future impact

Six expert recommendation letters: too conclusory and lacked specific detail about how contributions influenced the overall field

Officer errors the AAO found

Director's comparison of cumulative citation counts to others in the field was noted as more appropriate for the final merits step, not the initial criterion analysis — though AAO agreed with the ultimate denial.

How the case moved

Completed

I-140 filed

Assistant research scientist in microbiology and immunology at a university

Completed

Nebraska Service Center — Denied

Initial decision: Denied.

Completed

Appeal to the AAO

Petitioner appealed to the Administrative Appeals Office for de novo review.

2020-01-14

AAO decision — Dismissed

The AAO dismissed the appeal because the petitioner satisfied only two of the required three evidentiary criteria (judging and scholarly articles), failing to establish original contributions of major significance in the field.

If you're appealing a similar decision, I-290B must be filed within 30 days of personal service of the denial, or 33 days if mailed.

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Authorities the office relied on
8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(2)8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(i)-(x)8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(iv)8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(v)8 C.F.R. § 204.5(h)(3)(vi)8 C.F.R. § 103.2(b)(1)
Kazarian (2010)Establishes the two-step Kazarian framework for evaluating extraordinary ability petitions, requiring first a threshold evidentiary showing and then a final merits determination.
Kazarian (2009)Publications and presentations alone are not sufficient to establish original contributions of major significance without evidence of that significance.
VisinscaiaUpheld finding that a petitioner did not meet the original contributions criterion because she did not corroborate her impact in the field as a whole.
Matter of PriceEven athletes performing at the major league level do not automatically meet the extraordinary ability standard.
1756, Inc.USCIS need not accept primarily conclusory statements as evidence.